MCQs for Nursing Students - 1
1. A nurse is administering IV furosemide to a patient admitted with congestive heart failure. After the infusion, which of the following symptoms is NOT expected?
A Increased urinary output
B. Decreased edema.
C. Decreased pain.
D. Decreased blood pressure
2. There are a number of risk factors associated with coronary artery disease. Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor?
A. Obesity
B. Heredity
C. Gender
D. Age
3. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is considered for treatment of a patient who arrives in the emergency department following onset of symptoms of myocardial infarction. Which of the following is a contraindication for treatment with t-PA?
A. Worsening chest pain that began earlier in the evening
B. History of cerebral hemorrhage
C. History of prior myocardial infarction
D. Hypertension
4. Following myocardial infarction, a hospitalized patient is encouraged to practice frequent leg exercises and ambulate in the hallway as directed by his physician. Which of the following choices reflects the purpose of exercise for this patient?
A. Increases fitness and prevents future heart attacks
B. Prevents bedsores
C. Prevents DVT (deep vein thrombosis)
D. Prevent constipations
5. A patient arrives in the emergency department with symptoms of myocardial infarction, progressing to cardiogenic shock. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect the patient to exhibit with cardiogenic shock?
A. Hypertension
B. Bradycardia
C. Bounding pulse
D. Confusion
6. A patient in the cardiac unit is concerned about the risk factors associated with atherosclerosis. Which of the following are hereditary risk factors for developing atherosclerosis?
A. Family history of heart disease
B. Overweight
C. Smoking
D. Age
7. Claudication is a well-known effect of peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following facts about claudication is correct? More than one answer may be correct.
A. It results when oxygen demand is greater than oxygen supply
B. It is characterized by pain that often occurs during rest
C. It is a result of tissue hypoxia
D. It is characterized by cramping and weakness
8. A nurse is providing discharge information to a patient with peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following information should be included in instructions?
A. Walk barefoot whenever possible
B. Use a heating pad to keep feet warm
C. Avoid crossing the legs
D. Use antibacterial ointment to treat skin lesions at risk of infection
9. A patient who has been diagnosed with vasospastic disorder (Raynaud’s disease) complains of cold and stiffness in the fingers. Which of the following descriptions is most likely to fit the patient?
A. An adolescent male
B. An elderly woman
C. A young woman
D. An elderly man
10. A 23 year old patient in the 27th week of pregnancy has been hospitalized on complete bed rest for 6 days. She experiences sudden shortness of breath, accompanied by chest pain. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of her symptoms?
A. Myocardial infarction due to a history of atherosclerosis
B. Pulmonary embolism due to deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
C. Anxiety attack due to worries about her baby’s health
D. Congestive heart failure due to fluid overload
11. Thrombolytic therapy is frequently used in the treatment of suspected stroke. Which of the following is a significant complication associated with thrombolytic therapy?
A. Air embolus
B. Cerebral hemorrhage
C. Expansion of the clot
D. Resolution of the clot
12. An infant is brought to the clinic by his mother, who has noticed that he holds his head in an unusual position and always faces to one side. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?
A. Torticollis, with shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
B. Craniosynostosis, with premature closure of the cranial sutures
C. Plagiocephaly, with flattening of one side of the head
D. Hydrocephalus, with increased head size
13. An adolescent brings a physician’s note to school stating that he is not to participate in sports due to a diagnosis of Osgood-Schlatter disease. Which of the following statements about the disease is correct?
A. The condition was caused by the student’s competitive swimming schedule
B. The student will most likely require surgical intervention
C. The student experiences pain in the inferior aspect of the knee
D. The student is trying to avoid participation in physical education
14. The clinic nurse asks a 13-year-old female to bend forward at the waist with arms hanging freely. Which of the following assessments is the nurse most likely conducting?
A. Spinal flexibility
B. Leg length disparity
C. Hypostatic blood pressure
D. Scoliosis
15. A clinic nurse interviews a parent who is suspected of abusing her child. Which of the following characteristics is the nurse LEAST likely to find in an abusing parent?
A. Low self-esteem
B. Unemployment
C. Self-blame for the injury to the child
D. Single status
16. A nurse in the emergency department is observing a 4-year-old child for signs of increased intracranial pressure after a fall from a bicycle, resulting in head trauma. Which of the following signs or symptoms would be cause for concern?
A. Bulging anterior fontanel
B. Repeated vomiting
C. Signs of sleepiness at 10 PM
D. Inability to read short words from a distance of 18 inches
17. A nonimmunized child appears at the clinic with a visible rash. Which of the following observations indicates the child may have rubeola (measles)?
A. Small blue-white spots are visible on the oral mucosa
B. The rash begins on the trunk and spreads outward
C. There is low-grade fever
D. The lesions have a “teardrop on a rose petal” appearance
18. A child is seen in the emergency department for scarlet fever. Which of the following descriptions of scarlet fever is NOT correct?
A. Scarlet fever is caused by infection with group A Streptococcus bacteria
B. “Strawberry tongue” is a characteristic sign
C. Petechiae occur on the soft palate
D. The pharynx is red and swollen
19. A child weighing 30 kg arrives at the clinic with diffuse itching as the result of an allergic reaction to an insect bite. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 25 mg 3 times a day is prescribed. The correct pediatric dose is 5 mg/kg/day. Which of the following best describes the prescribed drug dose?
A. It is the correct dose
B. The dose is too low
C. The dose is too high
D. The dose should be increased or decreased, depending on the symptoms
20. The mother of a 2-month-old infant brings the child to the clinic for a well baby check. She is concerned because she feels only one testis in the scrotal sac. Which of the following statements about the undescended testis is the most accurate?
A. Normally, the testes are descended by birth
B. The infant will likely require surgical intervention
C. The infant probably has with only one testis
D. Normally, the testes descend by one year of age
